This study investigates certain correlations between the impacts of urban and building form and microclimate on the energy consumption of buildings. It applies microscopic elements such as urban form and tissue, building form and character, and microclimate as factors in the energy consumption of buildings. To this end, the energy consumption of selected buildings in Seoul in August of 2014 was analyzed. Based on microscopic elements within a radius of 500 meters of 23 Automated Weather Station (AWS) measurement points selected by the Meteorological Office of the City of Seoul, the study employed both ordinary least square (OLS) and gamma regression, techniques that have been widely applied in this field of study. The analysis results show that compared to OLS, gamma regression is more suitable for analyzing the energy consumption of buildings. With the exception of a few elements, the urban form and character elements demonstrate a significant relation to the energy consumption of buildings. It is also found that microclimate elements such as wind speed and humidity are pertinent to the energy consumption of buildings. This study is expected to contribute to the foundation for the formation of sustainable and resilient cities through the reduction of energy consumption.